Understanding the Rails Router: Why, What, and How

Transitioning from ASP.NET, I knew the concept of routing and got comfortable with the router after reading the docs. However, at the back of my mind, I've always had that nagging feeling that I don't REALLY understand the complete picture. I could make the basic routes and resources to get by for the simple CRUD tasks, but whenever I wanted to do something complicated, I found myself fumbling in dark.